Holistic Nursing Care with Wet Cupping Therapy for a Patient with Unstable Blood Glucose Levels: A Case Report
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Holistic nursing care incorporating complementary interventions, such as wet cupping therapy, may provide supportive benefits for symptom management and glycemic control.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive case report design involving a 45 year old male patient with diabetes mellitus. Nursing care was provided based on the Indonesian standardized nursing framework (SDKI–SLKI–SIKI), including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The primary nursing diagnosis identified was unstable blood glucose level. Wet cupping therapy was administered as an adjunctive complementary intervention, combined with diabetes education and self-management support. Outcomes were evaluated based on random blood glucose levels, hyperglycemic symptoms, and patient-reported comfort following the intervention.
Case Presentation: The patient presented with fatigue, excessive thirst, and nocturnal urination, with a two-year history of diabetes mellitus and poor medication adherence. The initial random blood glucose level before intervention was 211 mg/dL. Following wet cupping therapy and nursing education, the blood glucose level measured immediately after intervention decreased to 200 mg/dL. Nursing evaluation showed partial achievement of blood glucose stability, reduced fatigue, improved comfort, and increased understanding of diabetes self-management.
Conclusion: This case report suggests that wet cupping therapy may serve as a complementary supportive intervention within holistic nursing care for patients with diabetes mellitus. However, the modest change in blood glucose level and the absence of long-term follow-up and HbA1c assessment require cautious interpretation. Further research with larger samples and longer observation periods is needed to determine its clinical effectiveness.
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